Rabat:Two cases of diphtheria have been reported in the Souss-Massa region of Morocco, involving children who were either unvaccinated or only partially vaccinated. Additionally, a few isolated cases, including one imported from abroad, have been recorded in the country.

According to Agence Marocaine De Presse, diphtheria is a contagious bacterial infection affecting the respiratory tract and, less commonly, the skin. The disease is serious due to the toxin produced by the bacteria, which can damage the heart, nerves, and kidneys, with a fatality rate of 5% to 10% if untreated. Professor Obtel, a clinical epidemiology specialist, explained that it is primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets or direct contact with infected skin lesions.

Symptoms of diphtheria typically appear two to five days after infection, including a sore throat, fever, and difficulty swallowing. A distinctive feature is the formation of whitish or grayish false membranes in the throat, which can bleed if removed. Professor Obtel emphasized the importance of urgent medical attention for neck swelling or difficulty breathing to prevent complications.

Professor Obtel, acting director of the GST Academy of the Rabat-Salé-Kenitra Territorial Health Group, highlighted the necessity of high vaccination coverage, checking vaccination records, and administering any missed doses. Vaccines under the National Immunization Program are free at public health facilities and include three initial doses followed by booster doses.

The specialist also stressed following hygiene measures such as regular handwashing and ventilating shared spaces like schools. Anyone with symptoms should seek immediate medical advice and avoid close contact with others. The reemergence of diphtheria underscores the need for sustained vaccination efforts, early recognition of symptoms, and cooperation among stakeholders.